Certified translation
Punjabi certified translation for USCIS
Every message translated beside the original, with the Certificate of Translation Accuracy that 8 CFR 103.2(b)(3) asks for. Punjabi is written in Gurmukhi and runs left to right, and 4 regional varieties are recorded under it separately.
- Writing system
- Gurmukhi
- Direction
- Left to right
- Spoken in
- 2 countries
- Varieties recorded
- 4
- Measured quality
- chrF 0.79 against a public corpus
Where Punjabi is spoken
What to call yours
Clients rarely say “Punjabi”. They say the name they grew up with, and it usually resolves the script, the vocabulary and sometimes the direction in one word. These are recorded separately so nobody has to know which language their own dialect is filed under.
| Variety | Script | Direction | Spoken in | What a translator needs to know |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Majhi | Gurmukhi | Left to right | Pakistan, India | The standard Punjabi dialect. |
| Mirpuri | Arabicdiffers from Punjabi | Right to left | Pakistan (Mirpur), United Kingdom | Pahari-Pothwari, Mirpur. Very common in the British Pakistani diaspora. Arabic script. |
| Pahari | Arabicdiffers from Punjabi | Right to left | Pakistan, India (Kashmir) | Pahari-Pothwari; Arabic script in Pakistan. |
| Pothwari | Arabicdiffers from Punjabi | Right to left | Pakistan (Rawalpindi, Mirpur), United Kingdom | Pahari-Pothwari; Rawalpindi and Mirpur, and much of the British Pakistani diaspora. Arabic script. |
What USCIS actually requires
8 CFR 103.2(b)(3) is the whole of it: a full English translation, certified by the translator as complete and accurate, together with their certification that they are competent to translate from Punjabi into English.
There is no approved-translator list, no credential requirement and no notarisation mandate — notarisation attests to a signature, not to accuracy. Summaries are not permitted at all, which is why a Punjabi chat exhibit is produced message by message however long the conversation runs. What “USCIS approved” actually means.
What it costs
One record is $499, certified, whatever its length — a four-year conversation costs what a four-month one costs. Agencies commonly charge by the page and define a page as 250 words, which is survivable for a birth certificate and ruinous for a chat export. The arithmetic on 100 pages.
Certified translation for USCISSee pricing
Punjabi is one of 167 languages across 26 writing systems. The full list, and all 98 regional varieties, is on the languages page and in the variety table.